1824年、コロンビア川の河口の砦で、一人の男の子が生まれました。
父はスコットランドの家の出、母はチヌークの首長の娘です。
本人は「私は英国の旗の下に生まれた」と書いています。その土地は、いまのアメリカのオレゴン州です。
In 1824 a boy was born in a fort at the mouth of the Columbia River.
His father came of a Scottish house; his mother was the daughter of a Chinook chief.
He wrote of himself, "I was born under the British flag." That ground is now the state of Oregon, in the United States.
その男の子の名は、ラナルド・マクドナルドといいます。
母は、彼が生まれて数日のうちに亡くなりました。
父の家に伝わる紋章は、スコットランドのグレンコーから持って来られたものでした。
母は、チヌークの言葉で「渡鴉」を意味する名を持っていました。
彼は、自分についてこう書き残しています。
「私は英国の旗の下に生まれた」。
「私はどちらにも属する、二つの旗の男である」。
そしてこう続けます。
「どちらにも、すっかり満ち足りてはいないのだが」。
彼は日本の近くまで来ました。
彼は小舟を出し、島影を見つけました。
そして、島の風下五、六マイルのところで、自分の舟をわざと転覆させました。
本人の言葉では「designedly」——意図して、です。
遭難者として上陸するためでした。
上陸したのは利尻島、オシドマリ湾のノツカという村です。
彼は捕らえられ、閉じ込められました。
日本側は、彼を英語の教師として使いました。
彼はこう書いています。
「森山たちは、ほぼ毎日、私の生徒だった」。
のちに、ペリーの艦隊が日本へ来ます。
その本の図版目録は、日本側の主席通訳を務めたのは彼の教え子たちだ、と記しています。
自分から遭難した男が教えた英語が、国を開く交渉の席で使われました。
日本から戻ったのち、彼は1862年に特許を得ます。
ブリティッシュ・コロンビアの政府から、ベラクーラからカリブーの鉱山までの道と、その通行料の特許を。
The boy's name was Ranald MacDonald.
His mother died within a few days of his birth.
The coat of arms his father's family kept had been carried over from Glencoe, in Scotland.
His mother bore a name that means "raven" in the Chinook tongue.
He wrote this about himself:
"I was born under the British flag."
"I am and have ever felt myself to be a man of two flags; proper, in a way, to both."
And he added:
"Yet, let me say, scarcely quite content with either."
He came near Japan.
He put out in a small boat and sighted land.
Then, five or six miles to leeward of the island, he capsized his own boat on purpose.
His own word for it is "designedly."
He meant to come ashore as a castaway.
He landed on Rishiri Island, at a village called Notsuka on Oshidomari Bay.
He was taken and held in confinement.
The Japanese put him to use as a teacher of English.
He wrote:
"During nearly all my confinement, and nearly daily, Murayama and others were my pupils."
Later, Perry's squadron arrived in Japan.
The list of plates in that book records that the chief interpreters on the Japanese side were his pupils.
English taught by a man who had wrecked himself on purpose was spoken at the table where the country was opened.
After he came back from Japan, in 1862, he was granted a charter.
It came from the government of British Columbia: a road from Bella Coola to the Cariboo mines, and its tolls.
この話のもとになった記録の言葉です。ページは、その本に刷られたものです。
Ranald MacDonald『Ranald MacDonald: the narrative of his early life…and of his great adventure to Japan』（Eastern Washington State Historical Society, 1923）本人の叙述部分一次史料
In 1862, as the result of my own personal surveys of routes for transport of freight from the Ocean to the Cariboo mines in British Columbia, I obtained a charter to myself personally (in association with the late John Barnston, barrister, member of the legislature of British Columbia and other) from the Government of British Columbia for first a trail and then a wagon road from Bella Coola (Bentwick Arm) to the Cariboo mines with tollage.
Portraits of Morayama and Tokojiro, pupils of Ranald MacDonald; Chief interpreters in negotiations with Commodore Perry
Supposing the Island to be inhabited, I designedly upset my boat about five or six miles to the leeward of it, and lost nearly all my clothing, some books, and all my bedding, pistols and bailer
The village was called Notsuka. It is on Oshitomari Bay at the Northeastern part of the island
during nearly all my confinement, and nearly daily, Murayama and others were my pupils
During the seven months and more of my close confinement in my cage in Nagasaki, I drew more comfort and sustaining companionship from my pupils the Official Interpreters.
At Fort Langley the education of Ranald and his younger brothers was begun under the personal supervision of his father, a reputed graduate of the University of Edinburgh, Scotland／explaining the family "coat of arms" which his father brought from Glencoe, Scotland
I first saw the light on that same February 3, at Astoria, the great trading post in Oregon
then still in her teens, of "King Com-Comly"／Her personal name, in Chinook, signified Raven; probably from the color of her hair（註58: The Chinook word for raven is "Koale'xoa."）
As already stated, I was born under the British flag; in Fort George (formerly Astoria). In truth, I am and have ever felt myself to be a man of two flags; proper, in a way, to both. Yet, let me say, scarcely quite content with either.
My mother died a few days after my birth, much to the sorrow of my father
同書の編者注・図版目録（Eastern Washington State Historical Society, 1923）
Portraits of Morayama and Tokojiro, pupils of Ranald MacDonald; Chief interpreters in negotiations with Commodore Perry
the Japanese having put him to use as a teacher of English. The very interpreter who boarded the “Preble” had been one of his scholars
It apparently came about through an unhappy, youthful love affair; when he found that the strain of Indian blood in his veins was considered a barrier to his marrying
In 1834 Ranald was sent overland to Fort Garry to attend the Red River Missionary School, supported by the Hudson.s Bay Company and then the most westerly educational institution in Canada.
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